Gas-liquid equilibrium

This lecture covers the concepts of gas-liquid equilibrium, including Raoult's law, Clausius-Clapeyron relation, solutions, and colligative effects. It explains the behavior of mixtures of real gases, systems with multiple phases, and the equilibrium conditions. The lecture also delves into distillation processes, fractional distillation, and the equilibrium of real mixtures. Additionally, it discusses the activities in binary systems, excess Gibbs energy, excess entropy, and the Gibbs-Duhem equation. The presentation concludes with a focus on liquid-vapor equilibrium, azeotropes, Henry's law, and the application of thermodynamic principles to chemical reactions.