Carbonate system and alkalinity: Equilibrium and Applications

This lecture covers the dissolution of minerals in an open system, the relationship between HCO3- and Ca2+ in rivers, the concept of alkalinity, Deffeye's diagram, and the effects of adding different compounds to water bodies. It also explores the impact of anthropogenic inputs on water bodies, the conservative properties of alkalinity, and the extended definitions of alkalinity. The lecture concludes with exercises on calculating alkalinity, pH adjustments, and the interdependence of carbonate total, alkalinity, and pH.