Microphone Theory: Pressure & Gradient Microphones

This lecture covers the theory behind pressure and gradient microphones, detailing their construction and operation principles. It explains how pressure microphones convert sound pressure into electrical signals through diaphragm movements and equalization of static pressure. The lecture also delves into pressure gradient microphones, which measure the difference in pressure between two faces, and discusses their behavior under different types of waves. Additionally, it explores mixed-action microphones that combine elements of pressure and velocity microphones to achieve specific directional responses. The session concludes with insights into microphone arrays and their applications in capturing sound from different directions.