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This lecture explores the comparison between traditional amplitude-based sensor interfaces and a new time-based approach, focusing on converting physical signals into digital data. The instructor discusses the fundamental analysis of both methods, highlighting the similarities in signal-to-noise ratio and energy consumption. The lecture delves into the design of time-based sensor interfaces, showcasing two CMOS designs and their advantages over traditional approaches. Additionally, the use of carbon nanotube transistors in nano-technology for sensor interfaces is discussed, emphasizing the potential for improved energy efficiency. The presentation concludes with insights on the importance of cost, power, and scalability in sensor interface design, offering a glimpse into the future of digital sensor technologies.