Principle of Relativity: Inertia Frames and Coordinate Transformations

This lecture introduces Galileo's principle of relativity, stating that the laws of motion and forces are the same for all reference frames in uniform translation. It then discusses the restriction to inertia frames, where only frames where the law of inertia is satisfied are considered. The concept of Einstein's principle of relativity is presented, along with the importance of coordinate transformations, specifically the Lorentz transformation, in preserving the laws of electromagnetism during a change of frame of reference.