This lecture covers the signaling pathways involved in T cell activation, from the initial steps of signal transduction to the activation of transcription factors and gene expression. It also discusses the consequences of T cell activation, including proliferation, differentiation, and interactions with other immune cells. The role of key molecules such as CD40 ligand and cytokines in regulating T cell responses is highlighted, along with the impact of immunosuppressants on T cell signaling. The lecture emphasizes the complex network of interactions that govern T cell behavior during an adaptive immune response.