Calorimetry and Phase Transitions

This lecture covers the principles of calorimetry, including the work of Benoît Paul Émile Clapeyron, and transitions of phase. It discusses adiabatic reversible processes, subsystems in thermal baths, concavity conditions, stability criteria, and the convexity of internal energy. The lecture also explores the concavity and convexity conditions of entropy, the stability of entropy, and the critical point and fluid phase in phase transitions.