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This lecture introduces the concept of ramp metering in the context of traffic flow modeling and Intelligent Transportation Systems. It covers the control objectives, total time spent optimization, and the reasons behind implementing ramp metering. The lecture also discusses the benefits of ramp metering, such as steady-state performance improvement and the utilization of reserve capacity on parallel arterials. Various implementation issues, including coordinated ramp metering and case studies like the Amsterdam Ring Road and Monash Freeway in Australia, are explored. The presentation concludes by highlighting the importance of ramp metering in addressing underutilization of freeway networks due to congestion.