Different Types of Piles and Their Implementation

This lecture covers the criteria for choosing foundation types, such as deep foundations like piles, wells, and diaphragm walls, used when superficial soil layers cannot support the structure's load. Reasons for using deep foundations include the need for higher bearing capacity, transmitting loads to better quality soil layers, handling concentrated loads, and reducing settlement differentials. The classification of piles based on material (reinforced concrete, wood, steel) and installation method (driving, drilling) is discussed, along with their effects on the surrounding soil. Various types of driven piles, including wood, steel, and reinforced concrete, are detailed, as well as their advantages, disadvantages, and implementation methods.

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CIVIL-306: Geotechnical engineering

Les étudiants connaissent les techniques de calculs et de réalisation des fondation d'ouvrages et de soutènement des en terrain meuble.
Ils savent déterminer les facteurs influençant un projet géot

A deep foundation is a type of foundation that transfers building loads to the earth farther down from the surface than a shallow foundation does to a subsurface layer or a range of depths. A pile or piling is a vertical structural element of a deep foundation, driven or drilled deep into the ground at the building site. There are many reasons that a geotechnical engineer would recommend a deep foundation over a shallow foundation, such as for a skyscraper.

A shallow foundation is a type of building foundation that transfers structural load to the earth very near to the surface, rather than to a subsurface layer or a range of depths, as does a deep foundation. Customarily, a shallow foundation is considered as such when the width of the entire foundation is greater than its depth. In comparison to deep foundations, shallow foundations are less technical, thus making them more economical and the most widely used for relatively light structures.

A plain bearing, or more commonly sliding contact bearing and slide bearing (in railroading sometimes called a solid bearing, journal bearing, or friction bearing), is the simplest type of bearing, comprising just a bearing surface and no rolling elements. Therefore, the journal (i.e., the part of the shaft in contact with the bearing) slides over the bearing surface. The simplest example of a plain bearing is a shaft rotating in a hole. A simple linear bearing can be a pair of flat surfaces designed to allow motion; e.

In engineering, a foundation is the element of a structure which connects it to the ground or more rarely, water,(like with floating structures) transferring loads from the structure to the ground. Foundations are generally considered either shallow or deep. Foundation engineering is the application of soil mechanics and rock mechanics (geotechnical engineering) in the design of foundation elements of structures.

In mechanical engineering, a rolling-element bearing, also known as a rolling bearing, is a bearing which carries a load by placing rolling elements (such as balls or rollers) between two concentric, grooved rings called races. The relative motion of the races causes the rolling elements to roll with very little rolling resistance and with little sliding. One of the earliest and best-known rolling-element bearings are sets of logs laid on the ground with a large stone block on top.

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