Lecture
This lecture covers the concepts of shallow foundations, including definitions, types, and ultimate limit states. It discusses the transmission of loads to the ground, the distinction between shallow and deep foundations, and the influence of soil quality. Various types of shallow foundations are explored, such as isolated footings, strip footings, and raft foundations. The lecture also delves into the analysis of ultimate limit states, including sliding and punching shear. It addresses the failure mechanisms of foundations, such as punch-through failures, and the importance of considering soil properties and load characteristics in foundation design.