Cortisol Effects: Molecular Insights and Clinical Manifestations

This lecture delves into the biological effects of cortisol, including its impact on bone formation, muscle mass, connective tissue, and inflammatory responses. It explores the symptoms of Cushing's syndrome, such as adipose tissue redistribution, muscle weakness, and skin changes. The physiological effects of cortisol on carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism are discussed, along with the symptoms of Cushing's syndrome related to these processes. The lecture also covers the role of stress in immune suppression and the cascade of events triggered by stressors. Furthermore, it examines the regulation of cortisol availability by corticosteroid-binding globulin and the functions of aldosterone in maintaining electrolyte balance. Lastly, the lecture addresses the clinical manifestations of hypoadrenocorticism, including lethargy, nausea, and electrolyte imbalances.