Finite State Machines: Design and Analysis Techniques

This lecture covers the fundamentals of finite state machines (FSMs) in digital systems. It begins with a recap of memory elements and the importance of clock signals in digital circuits. The instructor introduces the concept of FSMs, explaining the two main types: Mealy and Moore machines. The lecture emphasizes the differences between combinational and sequential logic, highlighting how FSMs incorporate both. Through detailed examples, the instructor demonstrates how to analyze and design FSMs, including constructing state diagrams and tables. The process of modeling FSMs in Verilog is also discussed, showcasing practical applications such as traffic light controllers. The lecture concludes with a focus on the importance of understanding state transitions and the role of inputs in determining outputs, providing a comprehensive overview of FSM design and analysis techniques.