Snow Variables and Measurements

This lecture covers snow-related variables such as snow properties, energy balance components, and mass balance components, including snow covered area, snow water equivalent, density, hardness, grain size, and more. It also discusses the measurement techniques for snow variables, comparing manual and automated methods, low-tech versus high-tech approaches, and the use of instruments like snow gauges, snow pillows, and airborne gamma radiation. Additionally, it explores new techniques in snow measurement, system approaches, and the challenges in accurately measuring snow variables using various sensors and technologies.