Subtraction: Properties and Definitions

Explores polynomial operations, properties, and subspaces in vector spaces.

Covers the concept of natural numbers, including properties like commutativity and associativity.

Covers the basics of group theory, including definitions, examples, and isometries.

Covers modular arithmetic operations and polynomial calculations modulo N with various examples.

Introduces Z/mZ for writing equations with congruence classes in modular arithmetic.