Transistors: Principles and Applications

This lecture covers the invention of transistors in 1947 by Bardeen, Shockley & Brattain, which revolutionized modern electronics by replacing electromechanical relays and vacuum tubes. It explains the functioning of n-mos and p-mos transistors, the creation of an inverter using both types, and the design of logic gates like NAND. Additionally, it explores the concept of volatile memory circuits and how they store binary information.