This lecture explores the concept of decoupling economic growth from environmental impacts, focusing on the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC). It discusses the relationship between income per capita and environmental impacts, showcasing empirical evidence and the rationale behind the EKC. The lecture also delves into the limitations of decoupling, the IPAT formula, and alternative indicators beyond GDP. It concludes by examining the challenges and potential strategies for achieving sustainability in the face of economic growth.