This lecture covers the fundamentals of generating medical x-rays, starting with the process of how x-rays are produced using a copper anode, tungsten target, and high voltage source. It then delves into the concept of Bremsstrahlung and characteristic x-rays, explaining the interaction of electrons with atoms and the resulting emission of x-rays. The lecture also touches on the energy states of atoms, the cascading effect, and the production of characteristic x-rays from inner shell electrons. Various diagrams and schematics are used to illustrate the generation and characteristics of x-rays in medical imaging.