Radiation and Antennas: Lorenz Gauge and Potentials

This lecture covers the relationship between radiation and antennas through the Lorenz gauge, the EPFL wave equation for potentials, and the definition of vector and scalar potentials. It also explores the integration of spherical waves, the Helmoltz equations for element sources, and the superposition of spherical waves to calculate fields and potentials. Special cases such as antennas and dipoles are discussed, along with the concept of radiation intensity and power density. The lecture concludes with an overview of the far field and a practical example of a dipole antenna.