This lecture introduces the fundamental concepts of Partial Differential Equations (PDEs), covering elliptic, parabolic, and hyperbolic types. The instructor explains the modeling and principles behind heat transfer, with examples and applications in various domains. The lecture also delves into the mathematical analysis of PDEs, including the Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions. Different numerical methods for solving PDEs are discussed, emphasizing the importance of understanding the physical phenomena behind the equations.