Temperature: Definition and Measurement

This lecture introduces the concept of temperature, discussing its definition, measurement scales, and the international conventions for temperature measurement. The instructor explains the use of various thermometers, including alcohol and mercury thermometers, as well as resistance, diodes, and thermocouples. The lecture also covers the Kelvin scale, absolute zero, and the relationship between Celsius and Kelvin scales. Additionally, the instructor demonstrates how temperature affects gas pressure and presents a mechanical model of gases to illustrate the concept of pressure as the result of particle collisions.