Lecture
This lecture covers the electromagnetic spectrum, from gamma-rays to microwaves, and the interaction of light with matter. It explains the functioning of optical sensors, the human retina, and the spectral sensitivity of photoreceptors. The lecture also delves into the synthesis of colors, the polarization of electromagnetic waves, and the impact of photons on materials, including reflection, refraction, and scattering. Furthermore, it discusses the interaction of light with electrons in dielectric materials and metals, as well as the interaction of X-rays with matter, including ionization, Compton scattering, and pair production.