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Explores gain saturation in laser systems and the dynamics of atoms in different energy levels, emphasizing the balance between pumping and emission processes.
Explores coherence and interferometry principles, including statistical optics, autocorrelation functions, and optical coherence tomography applications.
Explores electromagnetic waves' energy, momentum, and radiation pressure, including forces generated by radiation pressure and the transmission of waves through Earth's atmosphere.
Explores electromagnetic wave propagation, including Poynting vector, irradiance, dipole radiation, dielectric constant, and natural linewidth in atoms and radiation.
Explores energy transfer in electromagnetic waves, including momentum and radiation pressure, setting the stage for understanding light interactions with electrons.
