Turbulence: Simulation and Models

This lecture covers the simulation and modeling of turbulence in engineering problems, focusing on determining forces, optimizing geometries, and simulating flow features using Computational Fluid Dynamics. The instructor discusses the challenges of high Reynolds numbers, complex geometries, and the use of experiments and computer simulations. Various equations and assumptions related to turbulence modeling are presented, along with the importance of discretization in space and resolving dynamically relevant timescales. The lecture also touches on Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS), energy cascades, scale separation, and the universality of turbulence decay, highlighting the unresolved nature of turbulence in classical physics.