This lecture covers the activated sludge process for wastewater treatment, focusing on the production of treated water and the biological elimination of impurities. It discusses the mass load, biomass concentration, and elimination efficiency in the activated sludge tank. The lecture also explores factors affecting sludge stabilization, hydraulic residence time, and purification yields. Additionally, it delves into the calculation of hydraulic residence time and the relationship between oxygen demand, sludge production, and wastewater flow rate.