Protein Engineering: Techniques and Applications

This lecture covers the fundamental concepts of protein engineering, focusing on the methods used to create and manipulate proteins in the laboratory. It begins with an overview of how proteins are synthesized, emphasizing the role of DNA in encoding amino acid sequences. The instructor explains the process of using bacteria for protein expression, detailing the steps from DNA engineering to protein purification. The lecture highlights the significance of green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a model for protein engineering, showcasing how mutations can alter its properties. The discussion extends to advanced techniques such as directed evolution and rational design, illustrating how these methods can lead to the development of proteins with new functions. The lecture also touches on the applications of engineered proteins in vaccine development, particularly virus-like particles, and the potential of artificial intelligence in predicting protein folding and function. By the end, the instructor emphasizes the importance of proteins in biotechnology and their role in addressing sustainability challenges.