Atomic Structure: From Democritus to Quantum Mechanics

This lecture explores the historical development of the atomic theory from Democritus to the modern understanding of atoms in quantum mechanics. It covers key experiments and models by scientists like Thomson and Rutherford, leading to the discovery of subatomic particles. The lecture delves into the structure of atoms, the nucleus, and the forces that hold it together. Additionally, it introduces the basics of quantum mechanics, including wave functions, energy levels, and the harmonic oscillator. The discussion extends to the properties of waves, electromagnetic radiation, and the principles of interference. Overall, the lecture provides a comprehensive overview of the evolution of atomic theory and its implications in modern physics.