Programmable RNA-Targeting & Genome Editing

This lecture covers the development and applications of programmable RNA-targeting tools, focusing on CRISPR-cas systems. It delves into the history of CRISPR, its adaptive immune system in prokaryotes, and the mechanisms of CRISPR-cas9 gene editing. The lecture also explores strategies for base editing in eukaryotic genomes, the importance of PAM motifs, and the use of Cas13 and Cas12 orthologs for CRISPR diagnostics. Additionally, it discusses the methodology for programmable RNA targeting, protein-based RNA effectors, and detection strategies for CoVID-19, including the SHERLOCK detection assay.

About this result

This page is automatically generated and may contain information that is not correct, complete, up-to-date, or relevant to your search query. The same applies to every other page on this website. Please make sure to verify the information with EPFL's official sources.

Related lectures (33)

Related concepts (81)

BIOENG-320: Synthetic biology

This advanced Bachelor/Master level course will cover fundamentals and approaches at the interface of biology, chemistry, engineering and computer science for diverse fields of synthetic biology. This

CRISPR

CRISPR (ˈkrɪspər) (an acronym for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) is a family of DNA sequences found in the genomes of prokaryotic organisms such as bacteria and archaea. These sequences are derived from DNA fragments of bacteriophages that had previously infected the prokaryote. They are used to detect and destroy DNA from similar bacteriophages during subsequent infections. Hence these sequences play a key role in the antiviral (i.e. anti-phage) defense system of prokaryotes and provide a form of acquired immunity.

Cas9

Cas9 (CRISPR associated protein 9, formerly called Cas5, Csn1, or Csx12) is a 160 kilodalton protein which plays a vital role in the immunological defense of certain bacteria against DNA viruses and plasmids, and is heavily utilized in genetic engineering applications. Its main function is to cut DNA and thereby alter a cell's genome. The CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technique was a significant contributor to the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2020 being awarded to Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna.

Genome editing

Genome editing, or genome engineering, or gene editing, is a type of genetic engineering in which DNA is inserted, deleted, modified or replaced in the genome of a living organism. Unlike early genetic engineering techniques that randomly inserts genetic material into a host genome, genome editing targets the insertions to site-specific locations.

RNA

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule that is essential for most biological functions, either by performing the function itself (Non-coding RNA) or by forming a template for production of proteins (messenger RNA). RNA and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are nucleic acids. The nucleic acids constitute one of the four major macromolecules essential for all known forms of life. RNA is assembled as a chain of nucleotides.

RNA editing

RNA editing (also RNA modification) is a molecular process through which some cells can make discrete changes to specific nucleotide sequences within an RNA molecule after it has been generated by RNA polymerase. It occurs in all living organisms and is one of the most evolutionarily conserved properties of RNAs. RNA editing may include the insertion, deletion, and base substitution of nucleotides within the RNA molecule. RNA editing is relatively rare, with common forms of RNA processing (e.g.

CRISPR-Based Tools & Diagnostics CH-412: Frontiers in chemical biology

Explores CRISPR-based tools and diagnostics for faster, simpler, and cheaper testing methods with high specificity and sensitivity.

CRISPR-based Diagnostics CH-412: Frontiers in chemical biology

Covers the history and mechanisms of CRISPR-based tools and diagnostics, including advanced concepts like the SHERLOCK detection assay.

Biophysics: Polymer Folding and DNA Organization

Explores polymer folding, hydrophobic interactions, and DNA organization, highlighting their biological importance.

Programmable RNA-Targeting & Genome Editing BIOENG-320: Synthetic biology

Explores synthetic biology, CRISPR technology, programmable RNA targeting, and genome editing, emphasizing CRISPR-based diagnostics and precision RNA technologies.

RNA Sensors: GFP-Mimics and Spinach Technology CH-412: Frontiers in chemical biology

Explores RNA sensors, GFP-mimics, and Spinach Technology for RNA imaging and molecular detection.