Lecture
This lecture covers the concept of polarons and bipolarons in conjugated polymers, discussing the energy differences between aromatic and quinoid states, exciton formation, chemical doping effects on conductivity, and the unique case of poly(aniline) showing conductivity without doping. It also explores the evidence of polarons and bipolarons through spectroscopic techniques, the formation of negative polarons and bipolarons, and the impact of structural dynamics, molecular rigidity, packing interactions, and static disorder on the effective conjugation length of charge carriers.