This lecture by the instructor covers the fundamentals of memory consistency, including uniprocessor ordering, sequential consistency, and relaxed models. It explains how processors perform reads/writes to shared memory, the concept of cache coherence, and the difference between coherence and consistency. The lecture delves into examples illustrating memory consistency guarantees and the challenges posed by modern CPUs that reorder memory accesses. It also discusses the implementation of memory models like Sequential Consistency (SC) and Processor Consistency (PC), addressing the need for rigorous memory models to balance performance and correctness.