This lecture covers the process of finding the initial Basic Feasible Solution (BFS) of a linear program in equality standard form, focusing on identifying the optimal values for the decision variables. The instructor explains the importance of setting specific variables to zero to simplify the calculations and demonstrates how to introduce a cheating variable to facilitate the BFS determination. The lecture also delves into the concept of Auxiliary Linear Programs and the significance of observing the coefficients and constraints to achieve the desired BFS.