This lecture covers the theoretical and practical aspects of comparing algorithms for matrix-matrix multiplication, including the number of arithmetic operations and hidden constants. It explores the significance of fast matrix-matrix multiplication algorithms like Strassen's method and Coppersmith-Winograd algorithm, detailing their operation and historical development. The lecture also delves into the importance of matrix-matrix multiplication in various fields, such as linear algebra and optimization, showcasing its fundamental role and diverse applications throughout computer science.