Kinetic Theory: Velocity Distribution

This lecture covers the kinetic theory of gases, including the derivation of the ideal gas law, the relationship between microscopic agitation, kinetic energy, and temperature, and the introduction of a new thermodynamic function. It also explores the measurement of velocity distribution in gases, the Boltzmann postulate, and the Maxwell-Boltzmann speed distribution. The lecture delves into one-dimensional and three-dimensional cases, discussing the probability density functions and the thermalization of velocities.