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Climate and interannual variability of the atmosphere-biosphere 13CO2 flux

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High-useful yield and new autoionizing state of resonantly ionized tungsten

Reto Georg Trappitsch

In order to measure tungsten isotopic composition in presolar stardust grains that contain a limited number of atoms, we developed a new three-photon three-color resonance ionization scheme using titanium:sapphire lasers and the Laser Ionization of Neutral ...

ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY2022

Ab initio and steady-state models for uranium isotope fractionation in multi-step biotic and abiotic reduction

Rizlan Bernier-Latmani

Hexavalent uranium (U(VI)) is reduced to tetravalent uranium (U(IV)) by microorganisms (e.g., Geobacter or Shewanella spp.) as well as by abiotic reductants such as sulfide or Fe(II) species. During reduction, the heavy isotope (238U) is typically enriched ...

2021

Uranium Isotope Fractionation during the Anoxic Mobilization of Noncrystalline U(IV) by Ligand Complexation

Rizlan Bernier-Latmani, Ashley Richards Brown

Uranium (U) isotopes are suggested as a tool to trace U reduction. However, noncrystalline U(IV), formed predominantly in near-surface environments, may be complexed and remobilized using ligands under anoxic conditions. This may cause additional U isotope ...

2021

Tree water deficit and dynamic source water partitioning

Andrea Rinaldo, Paolo Benettin, Mitra Asadollahi

The stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen (delta H-2 and delta O-18, respectively) have been widely used to investigate tree water source partitioning. These tracers have shed new light on patterns of tree water use in time and space. However, there are s ...

WILEY2020

Automated field sampling of streamwater or precipitation for subsequent analysis of stable water isotopes (H-2 and O-18) is often conducted with off-the-shelf automated samplers. However, when water samples are stored in the field for days and weeks in ope ...

COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH2020

At room temperature, the quantum contribution to the kinetic energy of a water molecule exceeds the classical contribution by an order of magnitude. The quantum kinetic energy (QKE) of a water molecule is modulated by its local chemical environment and lea ...

ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY2020

Ideas and perspectives: Tracing terrestrial ecosystem water fluxes using hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes - challenges and opportunities from an interdisciplinary perspective

Paolo Benettin, Jana Freiin von Freyberg, Natalie Claire Ceperley

In this commentary, we summarize and build upon discussions that emerged during the workshop "Isotope-based studies of water partitioning and plant-soil interactions in forested and agricultural environments" held in San Casciano in Val di Pesa, Italy, in ...

Copernicus GmbH2018

Assessing the precursors and reactions leading to the carcinogenic N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) during drinking water disinfection is a major challenge. Here, we investigate whether changes of C-13/C-12,H-2/H-1, and N-15/N-14 ratios of NDMA give rise to i ...

American Chemical Society2017

Formation of N-nitrosodimethylamine during water disinfection with chloramine

Stephanie Spahr

Disinfection processes such as chlorination, chloramination, and ozonation are a crucial measure to provide safe drinking water because they effectively inactivate pathogenic microorganisms. However, these processes can also lead to the formation of harmfu ...

EPFL2016

Reduction and immobilization of uranium in the subsurface

Malgorzata Alicja Stylo

Decades of uranium (U) mining, milling and military use left a legacy of U contamination around the world. The radioactivity and chemical toxicity of U at contaminated sites pose an acute and long-term hazard to human health and the surrounding environment ...

EPFL2015