Sirtuins: the 'magnificent seven', function, metabolism and longevity
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Heritable changes to the transcriptome that are independent to changes in the genome are defined as epigenetics. DNA methylation and posttranslational modifications of histones, such as acetylation/deacetylation and methylation/demethylation of lysine resi ...
Sirtuins or Sir2 (silent information regulator 2)-related enzymes have originally been defined as a family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent enzymes that deacetylate lysine residue on various proteins. Certain sirtuins have in addition an ADP- ...
A review. Histone deacetylase inhibitors are an emerging class of antiproliferative agents that have the potential to combat cancer on an epigenetic level. The recently reported marine natural product largazole was recently isolated in trace amts. from cya ...
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) constitute an important family of zinc-dependent enzymes responsible for catalyzing the cleavage of acetyl groups from acetyl-lysine residues in histone N-terminal tails. HDACs can potentially play a key role treating various c ...
Chromatin remodeling through histone posttranslational modifications (PTMs) and DNA methylation has recently been implicated in cognitive functions, but the mechanisms involved in such epigenetic regulation remain poorly understood. Here, we show that prot ...
Despite their initial characterization as histone deacetylases controlling transcription, sirtuins also turn out to be critical regulators of metabolism. In this issue of Cell, Haigis et al. (2006) demonstrate that the mammalian Sir2 homolog SIRT4 acts in ...
KAP1 is an essential cofactor of KRAB-zinc finger proteins, a family of vertebrate-specific epigenetic repressors of largely unknown functions encoded in the hundreds by the mouse and human genomes. Here, we report that KAP1 is expressed at high levels and ...
The biological function of most proteins relies on reversible post-translational modifications, among which phosphorylation is most prominently studied and well recognized. Recently, a growing amount of evidence indicates that acetylation-deacetylation rea ...
To characterize the catalytic mechanism for zinc-dependent histone deacetylases (HDAC), we have carried out d. functional theory (DFT) QM/MM studies on the deacetylation reaction catalyzed by a histone-deacetylase-like protein (HDLP). The calcn. results do ...
Sirtuins (Sirts) compose a family of NAD(+)-dependent deacetylases and/or ADP-ribosyltransferases, which have been implicated in aging, metabolism, and tolerance to oxidative stress. Many of the biological processes regulated by Sirts result from the adapt ...
