Dendritic and hyperbranched polyamides

This article discusses the synthesis and properties of dendritic and hyperbranched polyamides. The first part of the article focuses on peptide dendrimers and starts with providing an overview of the synthetic pathways that have been used to prepare dendrimers based on both natural and nonnatural amino acids. After that, the possible use of peptide dendrimers for medical and biological applications, in catalysis, chromatography and encapsulation as well as their supramolecular properties will be discussed. The second part of the article concentrates on the synthesis and properties of hyperbranched polyamides. Hyperbranched polyamides based on both aliphatic and aromatic monomers will be discussed and examples of applications of these materials as rheology modifiers or as supports for the preparation of nanoparticles will be presented. In the third and final part of the article, alternative highly branched polyamide architectures will be discussed, which are not obtained in a one step reaction, but which are produced via iterative protocols based on the ring-opening polymerization of α-amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Zuzana Kadlecova, Harm-Anton Klok, Markus Scholl
2009
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https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/137292?ln=en

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Polyamide

A polyamide is a polymer with repeating units linked by amide bonds. Polyamides occur both naturally and artificially. Examples of naturally occurring polyamides are proteins, such as wool and silk.

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Property is a system of rights that gives people legal control of valuable things, and also refers to the valuable things themselves. Depending on the nature of the property, an owner of property ma

Functional polypeptide and hybrid materials: Precision synthesis via alpha-amino acid N-carboxyanhydride polymerization and emerging biomedical applications

Harm-Anton Klok

Polypeptides derived from naturally occurring a-amino acids have emerged as a unique and versatile family of bio-inspired biomaterials that can be tailor-made for varying biomedical applications such as controlled drug release, gene delivery, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In contrast to traditional biodegradable polymers such as aliphatic polyesters and polycarbonates, polypeptides are inherently functional, allow precise control over polarity and charges, show excellent stability against hydrolysis, and are prone to rapid biodegradation in vivo by specific enzymes. Ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of alpha-amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides (NCAs) is the most straightforward and practical approach for large-scale production of high molecular weight polypeptides. In the past decade, a remarkable progress has been made in controlled NCA polymerization, which offers an unprecedented access to precision polypeptide and hybrid materials by combining with living radical polymerization, click chemistry, and/or post-polymerization modification. Notably, several micellar anti-cancer drugs based on poly(ethylene glycol)-polypeptides have been already advanced to the clinical evaluation. In this review paper, we give an overview on de novo design, controlled synthesis and emerging biomedical applications of functional polypeptide and hybrid materials. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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