Pivalic acid (PVA) was used as a new coadsorbent to dyesensitized solar cells (DSCs) to modify the interface between the TiO2 films and electrolyte. The addition of PVA improved the light-to-electricity conversion efficiency of devices by 8% by enhancing the open-circuit voltage.
Shaik Mohammed Zakeeruddin, Jacques-Edouard Moser, Yuhang Liu, Ulf Anders Hagfeldt, Ladislav Kavan, Jingshan Luo, Chenyi Yi, Yiming Cao, Yasemin Saygili, Weiwei Zhang, Yinghui Wu, Heewon Bahng
Michael Graetzel, Shaik Mohammed Zakeeruddin, Felix Thomas Eickemeyer, Zhongjin Shen, Naura Fakhira Antariksa