What Can Be Expected From Lead-Free Piezoelectric Materials?
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Lead oxide based ferroelectrics, represented by lead zirconate titanate (Pb(Zr,Ti)O-3) or PZT) are the most widely used materials for piezoelectric actuators, sensors and transducers due to their excellent piezoelectric properties. Considering lead toxicit ...
Piezoelectric response nonlinearity is approached using the Preisach description of hysteretic systems as collection of distributed bistable units. The Preisach model and its recent physical interpretation in terms of moving domain wall in a stochastically ...
Thin film piezoelectric materials offer a number of advantages in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), due to the large motions that can be generated, often with low hysteresis, the high available energy densities, as well as high sensitivity sensors wit ...
Sol-gel process has successfully been applied for the deposition of porous PbZrxTi1-xO3 (x = 0.45, 0.15) thin films on platinized silicon wafers. Addition of a polymer as a volatile phase to the precursor sol prior to spin coating has been proved an excell ...
Lead-free, potassium sodium niobate piezoelectric ceramics substituted with lithium (K0.5-x/2,Na0.5-x/2,Li-x)NbO3 or lithium and tantalum (K0.5-x/2,Na0.5-x/2,Li-x)(Nb1-y,Ta-y)O-3 have been synthesized by traditional solid state sintering. The compositions ...
A hydrothermal processing route was used to produce anisotropic submicrometer particles of potassium niobate-tantalates and pure potassium niobate. Piezoelectric activity, switching polarization, and piezoelectric hysteresis loops were observed in these fe ...
Pb(Zr,Ti)O-3 (PZT) and Pb(Zr,Ti,Nb)O-3 (PNZT) thin films were grown on platinized silicon substrates by r.f. magnetron sputtering followed by a post-annealing treatment. The Niobium, Nb, concentration varied from 1 to 7 at.% by increment of 1 at.%. The eff ...
The continuous downscaling of microelectronic circuits combined with increasing interest in ferroelectric thin films for non-volatile random access memories (FeRAM) is drawing great attention to small ferroelectric thin film structures. There are various c ...
We investigated he effect of film orientation on piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties of (Bi(3.25)Ln(0.75))Ti3O12 (Ln=La, Nd, and Sm). c-axis-oriented films were grown on (111)Pt electrodes with nondoped Bi4Ti3O12 buffer layers. The films grown on (1 ...
The present study aims at a better understanding of the high piezoelectric properties encountered in lead-based ferroelectrics by focusing on the extrinsic contributions to the response. The main characteristics of these materials are the highly nonlinear ...
