Publication

Raman DIAL measurement of ozone and water vapor in the lower troposphere

Abstract

A new lidar for the measurement of tropospheric ozone is proposed, based on the differential analysis of the Raman backscattered signals on nitrogen and oxygen, which is far less sensitive to the aerosols than the classical DIAL system. Using a third Raman channel, the system is able to measure the water vapor mixing ratio simultaneously. The transmitting section of the instrument is composed of a single wavelength at 266 nm, generated by a quadrupled Nd:YAG laser, while the receiving section is the combination of a 20 cm Newton telescope, a polychromator, custom made band pass filters and miniature photomultiplier, giving a compact and efficient optical layout. The cross-talk between the different channels, and the rejection of the 266 nm wavelength have been measured in detail and will be presented. Time series of ozone and water vapor vertical profile during some days have been performed in the early spring 99.

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Related concepts (32)
Troposphere
The troposphere is the lowest layer of the atmosphere of Earth. It contains 75% of the total mass of the planetary atmosphere and 99% of the total mass of water vapor and aerosols, and is where most weather phenomena occur. From the planetary surface of the Earth, the average height of the troposphere is in the tropics; in the middle latitudes; and in the high latitudes of the polar regions in winter; thus the average height of the troposphere is .
Water vapor
Water vapor, water vapour or aqueous vapor is the gaseous phase of water. It is one state of water within the hydrosphere. Water vapor can be produced from the evaporation or boiling of liquid water or from the sublimation of ice. Water vapor is transparent, like most constituents of the atmosphere. Under typical atmospheric conditions, water vapor is continuously generated by evaporation and removed by condensation. It is less dense than most of the other constituents of air and triggers convection currents that can lead to clouds and fog.
Stratosphere
The stratosphere (ˈstrætəˌsfɪər,_-toʊ-) is the second layer of the atmosphere of Earth, located above the troposphere and below the mesosphere. The stratosphere is an atmospheric layer composed of stratified temperature layers, with the warm layers of air high in the sky and the cool layers of air in the low sky, close to the planetary surface of the Earth. The increase of temperature with altitude is a result of the absorption of the Sun's ultraviolet (UV) radiation by the ozone layer.
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