Current and voltage ADC using a differential pair of single-electron bipolar avalanche transistors

Radivoje Popovic, Marc Lany
2009
Conference paper

Abstract

Single-electron bipolar avalanche transistors (SEBATs) enable current sensing by electron counting at room temperature. Here, differential SEBAT circuits combining the functions of amplification and analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion are proposed and characterized for two applications: Low-current AID conversion and differential voltage A/D conversion. Charge detection efficiencies in the order of 30% are reached, allowing for the direct A/D conversion of currents in the 10(-13) A range. An equivalent of the differential pair is used as a differential voltage ADC.

Official source

https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/171866?ln=en

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Ontological neighbourhood

Physics

Electromagnetism: Electrical networks

Related concepts (32)

Differential signalling is a method for electrically transmitting information using two complementary signals. The technique sends the same electrical signal as a differential pair of signals, each in its own conductor. The pair of conductors can be wires in a twisted-pair or ribbon cable or traces on a printed circuit board. Electrically, the two conductors carry voltage signals which are equal in magnitude, but of opposite polarity. The receiving circuit responds to the difference between the two signals, which results in a signal with a magnitude twice as large.

Low-voltage differential signaling (LVDS), also known as TIA/EIA-644, is a technical standard that specifies electrical characteristics of a differential, serial signaling standard. LVDS operates at low power and can run at very high speeds using inexpensive twisted-pair copper cables. LVDS is a physical layer specification only; many data communication standards and applications use it and add a data link layer as defined in the OSI model on top of it.

In electronics, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC, A/D, or A-to-D) is a system that converts an analog signal, such as a sound picked up by a microphone or light entering a digital camera, into a digital signal. An ADC may also provide an isolated measurement such as an electronic device that converts an analog input voltage or current to a digital number representing the magnitude of the voltage or current. Typically the digital output is a two's complement binary number that is proportional to the input, but there are other possibilities.

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