In the present work, LBE (lead-bismuth eutectic) embrittlement effects on ferritic/martensitic (FM) steels have been studied by conducting slow-strain-rate tensile (SSRT) testing on T91 and F82H steels either in Ar or in liquid LBE after irradiation to doses up to about 20 dpa in a mixed spectrum of spallation neutrons and high energy protons. SSRT tests were performed at temperatures in the range of 150-500 degrees C. Tests in Ar revealed significant irradiation-induced hardening and embrittlement effects (loss of ductility) as compared to the unirradiated ones. Tests in LBE showed additional embrittlement effects induced by LBE, which increased with irradiation-induced hardening. As a consequence, the fracture strain of irradiated specimens was reduced to a very low level of about 2-3%. A combination of the model of adsorption-induced reduction in cohesion of atomic bonds and the Kelly-Tyson-Cottrell criterion (sigma/tau >= sigma(max)/tau(max)) for brittle cleavage fracture was used to interpret qualitatively the observation reported in the present paper. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
John Martin Kolinski, Chenzhuo Li, Xinyue Wei
Alexandra Roma Larisa Kushnir, Tao Xu, Michael Heap