Progress and challenges in industrial fabrication of wafer-fused VCSELs emitting in the 1310 nm band for high speed wavelength division multiplexing applications
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With WDM networks, the failure of a single link or component may cause the simultaneous failure of several optical channels, potentially making impossible the restoration by rerouting in higher layers directly using the optical network (SDH, ATM, IP). To a ...
A new optical local area network that combines dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) techniques and coherent transmission benefits is presented. A new multichannel protocol is specified based on Ethernet, using WDM to carry multiple channels on a si ...
Hill et al. reported for the first time in 1978 the formation of refractive-index gratings in germanium doped silica fibers exposed to UV laser radiation. Since then many studies have been performed on fiber gratings and a widespread range of applications ...
A single failure in a communication network may trigger many alarms. When the communication network uses optical fibres as a transmission medium and increases its capacity by using Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) and Space Division Multiplexing (SDM ...
High quality InP/InGaAsP Distributed Bragg Reflectors (DBRs) are a key element in Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSELs) for long wavelength (1.55 mu m) applications [1-3]. Because of the small index difference between InP and InGaAsP, more than 3 ...