Hyperplectonemes: A Higher Order Compact and Dynamic DNA Self-Organization
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Bacteria are ubiquitous single cellular organisms. Compared to eukaryotic cells, bacteria have two unique characteristics: the membrane-less nucleoid and the cell wall built of peptidoglycan (PG). In most bacteria, a single circular chromosome is compacted ...
Difficulties to replicate telomeres - the ends of our chromosomes - can cause telomere shortening andgenome instability. These difficulties are due to the repetitive DNA sequence and distinct structures at telomeresthat challenge the semi-conservative DNA ...
Telomeres are the nucleoprotein structures at the ends of linear chromosomes. Telomeres are transcribed into long non-coding Telomeric Repeat-Containing RNA (TERRA), whose functions rely on its ability to associate with telomeric chromatin. The conserved T ...
Natural competence for transformation is an important driver of horizontal DNA exchange between different organisms. This can result in accumulation of dangerous genetic features, such as antibiotic resistance genes, in a single organism. One example of an ...
Any living organism contains a whole set of instructions encoded as genes on the DNA. This set of instructions contains all the necessary information that the organism will ever need, from its development to a mature individual to environment specific resp ...
A variety of DNA-binding proteins organizes the chromosomal DNA and regulates gene transcription, and DNA replication and recombination. In particular, for gene regulation there is a category of DNA-binding proteins, the transcription factors, which can de ...
Precise spatiotemporal regulation of gene expression is essential for development and homeostasis of complex organisms. This is achieved in large part by sequence-specific transcription factors (TF) that bind to genomic regulatory elements to activate or r ...
DNA replication in bacteria takes place on highly compacted chromosomes, where segregation, transcription, and repair must occur simultaneously. Within this dynamic environment, colocalization of sister replisomes has been observed in many bacterial specie ...
Knots are interesting objects to experiment since their topological properties are combined with mechanical properties, fluid mechanics or dynamical properties like unknotting under the excitation of the thermal energy. Knots play also a role in biology be ...
In bacteria, nucleoid associated proteins (NAPs) take part in active chromosome organization by supercoil management, three-dimensional DNA looping and direct transcriptional control. Mycobacterial integration host factor (mIHF, rv1388) is a NAP restricted ...