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Brain-computer interfaces measure the electricity produced by the brain and translate it into commands that are sent to a machine. However, it is often difficult to judge how quickly a user will be able to perform a task using a brain-computer interface without testing it in realistic situations. At an event called Cybathlon 2016, we organized a brain-computer interface race, in which participants with paralysis of both arms and legs used brain-computer interfaces to navigate an obstacle course in a computer game. This article summarizes the racing game, the technologies that participants used, and the race results. Our race demonstrated that brain-computer interfaces can help people complete a task but can also be nearly useless if errors occur. In the future, the racing game can be used to compare different brain-computer interface technologies and study the factors that affect the performance of such interfaces, paving the way for improvement of the technology.
José del Rocio Millán Ruiz, Kyuhwa Lee, Serafeim Perdikis, Luca Tonin, Bastien Orset
Bruno Emanuel Ferreira De Sousa Correia, Anthony Marchand, Emmanuel Doram Levy, Xiao Wang