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$\Upsilon(\mathrm{nS})$ polarizations versus particle multiplicity in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 7 TeV

Jian Wang, Matthias Finger, Lesya Shchutska, Qian Wang, Matthias Wolf, Varun Sharma, Konstantin Androsov, Jan Steggemann, Leonardo Cristella, Roberto Castello, Alessandro Degano, Mingkui Wang, Zhirui Xu, Chao Wang, João Miguel das Neves Duarte, Tian Cheng, Yixing Chen, Werner Lustermann, Andromachi Tsirou, Alexis Kalogeropoulos, Andrea Rizzi, Ioannis Papadopoulos, Paolo Ronchese, Thomas Muller, Ho Ling Li, Giuseppe Codispoti, Hua Zhang, Siyuan Wang, Peter Hansen, Daniel Gonzalez, Tao Huang, Paul Turner, Wei Sun, Raffaele Tito D'Agnolo, Ji Hyun Kim, Donghyun Kim, Dipanwita Dutta, Zheng Wang, Sanjeev Kumar, Wei Li, Yong Yang, Yi Wang, Ajay Kumar, Ashish Sharma, Georgios Anagnostou, Joao Varela, Csaba Hajdu, Muhammad Ahmad, Ekaterina Kuznetsova, Ioannis Evangelou, Matthias Weber, Muhammad Shoaib, Milos Dordevic, Vineet Kumar, Vladimir Petrov, Francesco Fiori, Quentin Python, Meng Xiao, Hao Liu, Sourav Sen, Viktor Khristenko, Marco Trovato, Gurpreet Singh, Fan Xia, Kai Yi, Bibhuprasad Mahakud, Rajat Gupta, Lei Feng, Muhammad Waqas, Shuai Liu, Davide Cieri, Maren Tabea Meinhard, Giorgia Rauco, Aram Avetisyan, Charles Dietz, Alexandre Aubin, Michal Simon, Xin Sun, Matteo Marone, Juan Ramon Castiñeiras De Saa
2016
Journal paper
Abstract

The polarizations of the ϒ(1S) , ϒ(2S) , and ϒ(3S) mesons are measured as a function of the charged particle multiplicity in proton–proton collisions at s=7 TeV . The measurements are performed with a dimuon data sample collected in 2011 by the CMS experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.9 fb −1 . The results are extracted from the dimuon decay angular distributions, in two ranges of ϒ(nS) transverse momentum (10–15 and 15–35 GeV), and in the rapidity interval |y|

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Ontological neighbourhood
Physics
Related concepts (20)
Strangeness and quark–gluon plasma
In high-energy nuclear physics, strangeness production in relativistic heavy-ion collisions is a signature and diagnostic tool of quark–gluon plasma (QGP) formation and properties. Unlike up and down quarks, from which everyday matter is made, heavier quark flavors such as strange and charm typically approach chemical equilibrium in a dynamic evolution process. QGP (also known as quark matter) is an interacting localized assembly of quarks and gluons at thermal (kinetic) and not necessarily chemical (abundance) equilibrium.
Compact Muon Solenoid
The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment is one of two large general-purpose particle physics detectors built on the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN in Switzerland and France. The goal of the CMS experiment is to investigate a wide range of physics, including the search for the Higgs boson, extra dimensions, and particles that could make up dark matter. CMS is 21 metres long, 15 m in diameter, and weighs about 14,000 tonnes. Over 4,000 people, representing 206 scientific institutes and 47 countries, form the CMS collaboration who built and now operate the detector.
Proton
A proton is a stable subatomic particle, symbol _Proton, H+, or 1H+ with a positive electric charge of +1 e (elementary charge). Its mass is slightly less than that of a neutron and 1,836 times the mass of an electron (the proton-to-electron mass ratio). Protons and neutrons, each with masses of approximately one atomic mass unit, are jointly referred to as "nucleons" (particles present in atomic nuclei). One or more protons are present in the nucleus of every atom.
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