Polarised three-dimensional cellular aggregates

Induced pluripotent stem cell

Induced pluripotent stem cells (also known as iPS cells or iPSCs) are a type of pluripotent stem cell that can be generated directly from a somatic cell. The iPSC technology was pioneered by Shinya Yamanaka and Kazutoshi Takahashi in Kyoto, Japan, who together showed in 2006 that the introduction of four specific genes (named Myc, Oct3/4, Sox2 and Klf4), collectively known as Yamanaka factors, encoding transcription factors could convert somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells.

Cell potency

Cell potency is a cell's ability to differentiate into other cell types. The more cell types a cell can differentiate into, the greater its potency. Potency is also described as the gene activation potential within a cell, which like a continuum, begins with totipotency to designate a cell with the most differentiation potential, pluripotency, multipotency, oligopotency, and finally unipotency. Totipotency (Lat. totipotentia, "ability for all [things]") is the ability of a single cell to divide and produce all of the differentiated cells in an organism.

Stem cell

In multicellular organisms, stem cells are undifferentiated or partially differentiated cells that can differentiate into various types of cells and proliferate indefinitely to produce more of the same stem cell. They are the earliest type of cell in a cell lineage. They are found in both embryonic and adult organisms, but they have slightly different properties in each. They are usually distinguished from progenitor cells, which cannot divide indefinitely, and precursor or blast cells, which are usually committed to differentiating into one cell type.

Polarised three-dimensional cellular aggregates

ISSCR standards for the use of human stem cells in basic research

Programming of Multicellular Patterning with Mechano-Chemically Microstructured Cell Niches

Generation of Human iPSC-Derived Neurons on Nanowire Arrays Featuring Varying Lengths, Pitches, and Diameters

ISSCR standards for the use of human stem cells in basic research

Generation of Human iPSC-Derived Neurons on Nanowire Arrays Featuring Varying Lengths, Pitches, and Diameters

Programming of Multicellular Patterning with Mechano-Chemically Microstructured Cell Niches