Spinal V1 neurons inhibit motor targets locally and sensory targets distally
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Redundant encoding of information facilitates reliable distributed information processing. To explore this hypothesis in the motor system, we applied concepts from information theory to quantify the redundancy of movement-related information encoded in the ...
Integration of multimodal information is essential for the integrative response of the brain and is thought to be accomplished mostly in sensory association areas. However, available evidences in humans and monkeys indicate that this process begins already ...
Huntington's disease is an autosomal dominant inherited neurodegenerative disease with motor symptoms that are variably co-expressed with mood and cognitive symptoms, and in which variable neuronal degeneration is also observed in the basal ganglia and the ...
Locomotion requires coordinated motor activity throughout an animal@s body. In both vertebrates and invertebrates, chains of coupled central pattern generators (CPGs) are commonly evoked to explain local rhythmic behaviors. In C. elegans, we report that pr ...
Corticocortical functional interactions between the primary motor cortex (M1) and secondary motor areas, such as the dorsal (PMd) and ventral (PMv) premotor cortices and the supplementary motor area (SMA) are relevant for residual motor output after subcor ...
Severe spinal cord injury (SCI) permanently abolishes motor functions caudal to the lesion. However, the neuronal machinery sufficient to produce standing and stepping is located below most SCI, and can be reactivated with training. Therefore, why do rats ...
The complexity of processes occurring in the brain is an intriguing issue not just for scientists and medical doctors, but the humanity in general. The cortex ability to perceive and analyze an enormous amount of information in an instance of time, the par ...
BACKGROUND: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal, progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by rapid loss of muscle control and eventual paralysis due to the death of large motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. Growth factors such ...
After complete spinal cord transections that removed all supraspinal inputs in adult rats, combinations of serotonergic agonists and epidural electrical stimulation were able to acutely transform spinal networks from nonfunctional to highly functional and ...
BACKGROUND: In the field of neuroscience microarray gene expression profiles on anatomically defined brain structures are being used increasingly to study both normal brain functions as well as pathological states. Fluorescent tracing techniques in brain t ...