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Genetic selection for low glucocorticoid responsiveness recapitulates PTSD-related phenotypes: a behavioral, neuroimaging and sleep-physiology study

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Cholinergic, Glutamatergic, and GABAergic Neurons of the Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nucleus Have Distinct Effects on Sleep/Wake Behavior in Mice

The pedunculopontine tegmental (PPT) nucleus has long been implicated in the regulation of cortical activity and behavioral states, including rapid eye-movement (REM) sleep. For example, electrical stimulation of the PPT region during sleep leads to rapid ...

Soc Neuroscience2017

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Glucocorticoids coordinate responses that enable an individual to cope with stressful challenges and, additionally, mediate adaptation following cessation of a stressor. There are important individual differences in the magnitude of glucocorticoid responsi ...

2017

Face recognition is a highly specialized capability that has implicit and explicit memory components. Studies show that learning tasks with facial components are dependent on rapid eye movement and non-rapid eye movement sleep features, including rapid eye ...

Wiley2017

Fear and other anxiety disorders are extraordinarily robust and difficult to treat. Among the most effective treatments for anxiety disorders are exposure-based therapies, during which a patient is repeatedly confronted with the originally fear-eliciting s ...

EPFL2017

Motor Performance Is not Enhanced by Daytime Naps in Older Adults

Friedhelm Christoph Hummel, Winifried Backhaus

The impact of sleep on motor learning in the aging brain was investigated using an experimental diurnal nap setup. As the brain ages several components of learning as well as motor performance change. In addition, aging is also related to sleep architectur ...

2016

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Several animal and clinical studies have highlighted the ineffectiveness of fear extinction sessions delivered shortly after trauma exposure. This phenomenon, termed the immediate extinction deficit, refers to situations in which extinction programs applie ...

2016

Implication of individual differences in glucocorticoid responsiveness to stress in the development of psychopathology-like behaviour and underlying neurobiology

Sophie Elizabeth Walker

The period around puberty is a critical window in development. It is a time of neuroendocrine and neuroanatomical lability, rendering individuals highly sensitive to stress. Indeed, early adversity increases risk for psychopathology. The mechanisms via whi ...

EPFL2016

Isoform switching of steroid receptor co-activator-1 attenuates glucocorticoid-induced anxiogenic amygdala CRH expression

Maladaptive glucocorticoid effects contribute to stress-related psychopathology. The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) that mediates many of these effects uses multiple signaling pathways. We have tested the hypothesis that manipulation of downstream factors (' ...

Nature Publishing Group2016

The neural circuits of innate fear: detection, integration, action, and memorization

Johannes Gräff, Bianca Ambrogina Silva

How fear is represented in the brain has generated a lot of research attention, not only because fear increases the chances for survival when appropriately expressed but also because it can lead to anxiety and stress-related disorders when inadequately pro ...

Cold Spring Harbor Lab Press, Publications Dept2016

There is a great deal of individual variability in the emotional outcomes of potentially traumatic events, and the underlying mechanisms are only beginning to be understood. In order to further our understanding of individual trajectories to trauma, its vu ...

2016