Publication

Methylamine Post-Deposition Treatments of Vapor-Deposited Perovskite Thin Films

Austin George Kuba
2023
Conference paper
Abstract

While the development of methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI(3)) perovskite for photovoltaics has grown rapidly, the growth of high-quality material from vapor processes continues to be difficult due to challenges including crystallinity control. Methylamine (MA) vapor post-deposition treatment is an approach to improve morphology and crystallinity of MAPbI(3) films, producing highly oriented, large grain-size perovskite films. Herein, experiments to characterize the liquefaction and recrystallization produced by treatment are described. Substrate temperature, MA partial pressure, and MA exhaust flow rate have substantial impacts on the film properties. Improved morphology and crystallinity after treatment indicates that substrate temperature plays a significant role in both liquefaction and recrystallization of the film. The result of this study is a useful pathway to fabrication of high-quality MAPbI(3) films from all-vapor process manufacturing.

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Related concepts (29)
Chemical vapor deposition
Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a vacuum deposition method used to produce high-quality, and high-performance, solid materials. The process is often used in the semiconductor industry to produce thin films. In typical CVD, the wafer (substrate) is exposed to one or more volatile precursors, which react and/or decompose on the substrate surface to produce the desired deposit. Frequently, volatile by-products are also produced, which are removed by gas flow through the reaction chamber.
Perovskite solar cell
A perovskite solar cell (PSC) is a type of solar cell that includes a perovskite-structured compound, most commonly a hybrid organic–inorganic lead or tin halide-based material as the light-harvesting active layer. Perovskite materials, such as methylammonium lead halides and all-inorganic cesium lead halide, are cheap to produce and simple to manufacture. Solar-cell efficiencies of laboratory-scale devices using these materials have increased from 3.8% in 2009 to 25.
Perovskite (structure)
A perovskite is any material with a crystal structure following the formula ABX3, which was first discovered as the mineral called perovskite, which consists of calcium titanium oxide (CaTiO3). The mineral was first discovered in the Ural mountains of Russia by Gustav Rose in 1839 and named after Russian mineralogist L. A. Perovski (1792–1856). 'A' and 'B' are two positively charged ions (i.e. cations), often of very different sizes, and X is a negatively charged ion (an anion, frequently oxide) that bonds to both cations.
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