ProdrogueUne prodrogue (également appelé promédicament) est une substance pharmacologique (un médicament) qui est administrée sous une forme inactive (ou beaucoup moins active que son métabolite). Une fois administrée, la prodrogue est métabolisée in vivo en un métabolite actif. La justification de l'utilisation d'une prodrogue est généralement pour une optimisation de l'absorption, la distribution, le métabolisme et l'élimination (ADME).
GlaxoSmithKlineGSK, anciennement GlaxoSmithKline est une multinationale britannique, l'un des dix géants de l'industrie pharmaceutique mondiale. Elle résulte de la fusion entre et SmithKline Beecham en 2000. En 2022, GSK s’est séparé de toutes ses activités santé grand public pour donner naissance à Haleon. Le groupe concentre ses activités sur la prévention et le traitement de maladies grâce aux vaccins et aux médicaments de médecine générale et de spécialité. GSK est issu de la fusion, en , de deux entreprises pharmaceutiques britanniques, Glaxo Wellcome et SmithKline Beecham.
NephrotoxicityNephrotoxicity is toxicity in the kidneys. It is a poisonous effect of some substances, both toxic chemicals and medications, on kidney function. There are various forms, and some drugs may affect kidney function in more than one way. Nephrotoxins are substances displaying nephrotoxicity. Nephrotoxicity should not be confused with some medications predominantly excreted by the kidneys needing their dose adjusted for the decreased kidney function (e.g., heparin, lithium).
Paracetamol poisoningParacetamol poisoning, also known as acetaminophen poisoning, is caused by excessive use of the medication paracetamol (acetaminophen). Most people have few or non-specific symptoms in the first 24 hours following overdose. These symptoms include feeling tired, abdominal pain, or nausea. This is typically followed by absence of symptoms for a couple of days, after which yellowish skin, blood clotting problems, and confusion occurs as a result of liver failure.
FélodipineFelodipine is a medication of the calcium channel blocker type that is used to treat high blood pressure. It was patented in 1978, and approved for medical use in 1988. Felodipine is used to treat high blood pressure and stable angina. It should not be used for people who are pregnant, have acute heart failure, are having a heart attack, have an obstructed heart valve, or have obstructions that block bloodflow out of the heart. For people with liver failure the dose needs to be lowered, because felodipine is cleared by the liver.
TerfenadineTerfenadine is an antihistamine formerly used for the treatment of allergic conditions. It was brought to market by Hoechst Marion Roussel (now Sanofi) and was marketed under various brand names, including Seldane in the United States, Triludan in the United Kingdom, and Teldane in Australia. It was superseded by fexofenadine in the 1990s due to the risk of a particular type of disruption of the electrical rhythms of the heart (specifically cardiac arrhythmia caused by QT interval prolongation) and has been withdrawn from markets worldwide.
