Supervisor Call instructionThis article covers the specific instruction on the IBM System/360 and successor mainframe computers, and compatible machines. For the general concept of an instruction for issuing calls to an operating system, see System call. A Supervisor Call instruction (SVC) is a hardware instruction used by the System/360 family of IBM mainframe computers up to contemporary zSeries, the Amdahl 470V/5, 470V/6, 470V/7, 470V/8, 580, 5880, 5990M, and 5990A, and others; Univac 90/60, 90/70 and 90/80, and possibly others; the Fujitsu M180 (UP) and M200 (MP), and others; and is also used in the Hercules open source mainframe emulation software.
Fonction wrapperEn programmation informatique, une fonction wrapper (de l'anglais « wrapper function ») est un programme dont la fonction principale est d'appeler une autre fonction. Cette notion peut s'appliquer à tout un ensemble de fonctions, typiquement une bibliothèque logicielle. Des outils comme GNU Guile ou SWIG permettent la génération de fonctions wrapper pour résoudre la problématique de binding et la réutilisation du code en environnement hétérogène et assurent ainsi l'interopérabilité des langages et des bibliothèques d'exécution.
Exec (system call)In computing, exec is a functionality of an operating system that runs an in the context of an already existing process, replacing the previous executable. This act is also referred to as an overlay. It is especially important in Unix-like systems, although it exists elsewhere. As no new process is created, the process identifier (PID) does not change, but the machine code, data, heap, and stack of the process are replaced by those of the new program.
Wait (system call)In computer operating systems, a process (or task) may wait for another process to complete its execution. In most systems, a parent process can create an independently executing child process. The parent process may then issue a wait system call, which suspends the execution of the parent process while the child executes. When the child process terminates, it returns an exit status to the operating system, which is then returned to the waiting parent process. The parent process then resumes execution.
Resource management (computing)In computer programming, resource management refers to techniques for managing resources (components with limited availability). Computer programs may manage their own resources by using features exposed by programming languages ( is a survey article contrasting different approaches), or may elect to manage them by a host – an operating system or virtual machine – or another program. Host-based management is known as resource tracking, and consists of cleaning up resource leaks: terminating access to resources that have been acquired but not released after use.
Identifiant de processusL'identifiant de processus ou PID (Process IDentifier) est un code unique attribué sur les systèmes Unix ou Windows à tout processus lors de son démarrage. Il permet ainsi d'identifier le processus dans la plupart des commandes s'appliquant sur un processus donné (comme kill). Sous Linux le premier programme démarré, init, a le PID 1. Les processus suivants incrémentent le numéro pour arriver à 32768 par défaut sur les processeurs 32 bits, et 4194304 sur les processeurs 64 bits (réglable avec /proc/sys/kernel/pid_max) pour repartir de 2 en évitant les PID déjà utilisés.
Parent processIn computing, a parent process is a process that has created one or more child processes. In Unix-like operating systems, every process except process 0 (the swapper) is created when another process executes the fork() system call. The process that invoked fork is the parent process and the newly created process is the child process. Every process (except process 0) has one parent process, but can have many child processes. The operating system kernel identifies each process by its process identifier.
